Window Sash Repairs

Window sashes must be inspected regularly for signs of mold, mildew and damage. You can reduce the cost of repairs in the future by catching problems in the early stages before they get out of hand.

The sash is an internal frame that is able to move up and down vertically in windows that are open. This article will teach you how to carry out a few simple repairs to the sash.

Weather Stripping

Wooden window sashes can add an elegant appearance to your home. They are also durable and will last for many years when they are maintained properly. They may, however, be damaged or degraded over time, due to exposure and normal wear. Sash repair experts can restore windows to their original state and maintain their beauty much longer than replacement windows.

The first step for repair sash windows is to address weather stripping, which can be found on both the sash and frame. If it's damaged or worn out, it can lead to drafts and other problems. To fix it, begin by finding your window brand and the date on which the glass was manufactured (etched in the corner of the glass or on the aluminum spacer between panes). Take the sash off and mark its width and height so that you can find a new weather stripping that is compatible with the original.

Next, remove the sash and place it on a table to allow access to all four sides. If your sash was double glazing repair-hung, take out the ropes and weights that should be buried within the jamb lining. After you have removed the sash using the utility knife, take off the old weather stripping by hand or using a putty knife.

After the sash has been cleared, you can install the stoppers that separate the two sashes. These are long pieces that split the sashes. Pam prefers to use the standard 1/2-inch by 3/4-inch window trimming from the lumberyard. However, you can also use for a scrap piece of lumber.

After removing the stopper and cutting it to length after which, apply a thin layer of glazing compound to the bottom of the sash. Smooth out the compound using your putty knife, then let it dry for at least a day. When it's completely dried then apply a top coat of acrylic latex paint. This will protect the putty and give your sash a new appearance.

Sash Hardware

The hardware that supports window sashes can wear out over time and with use. This could result in windows or doors that is difficult to open or close. The good news is that repairing and replacing this hardware is usually very simple and cost-effective. If you're having trouble opening a sash spray some lubricant into the jamb channel. Then slide the sash up and open to see if that fixes the problem. If not, the issue is likely to be with the balance of the sash and you'll need to remove the sash to gain access to this hardware.

Ideally, window sashes must move open and shut with minimal effort but this can be difficult if the weights become worn or if the sash that joins rail isn't properly glazed. This issue can be caused by a variety of things, such as lack of maintenance or by an incorrect weight rating for the particular sash.

If the hinge arms of a window are beginning to sag, this can cause the sash to slide and eventually strike the frame in the corner that's in the opposite direction of the hinge arm (Photo 1). To fix this problem, first ensure that the sash is firmly seated in the frame's opening and then remove it from the window. If the sash was screwed onto the hinge arm, take it off the hinge and replace it. (Photo 2). Then, you can install the new sash (Photo 3).

Old windows, particularly those in older homes, can be difficult to open and close due to hinges that are sagging and a general inefficiency. In many instances, a few easy repairs can transform these windows into smooth operators again and save the homeowner money on energy costs.

It is important to have the tools you require before you start. Start by marking the location of the hinge channel on the frame using a pencil (Photo 1). This will assist you in getting the channel back into position correctly after you've completed. Remove the sash and then remove all hardware, including the beads for parting cords, chains, and cords that help to hold the sash. Soften any putty that has been hardened with an electric heat gun set to medium and fitted with an nozzle shield. Remove the old sash, and store it in an labelled bag.

Sash Weights

Sash weights are able to be replaced to improve the performance of your window sash and reduce energy costs. Sash weights are heavy lead or iron cylinders enclosed inside a hidden compartment and connected to the movable the sash with rope. They provide counterbalance that allows the window to be opened and closed without the need for mechanical or electrical devices. The sash-weights are typically disregarded or disabled by homeowners, and are turned into scrap when they fail. Consequently you might need to find replacements.

It's not easy to retrieve a sash-weight that has fallen from the cavity, so you'll want to find one that fits properly. You will also require a new piece of string, a length sash cord and some sash pulleys to connect the new sash weights to the sash cord.

Mortise and Tenon joints can be used to join old wood windows. Hammers and pins can be used to cut off the wood pegs holding the components together. Most of these pegs have an enormous diameter on one side and a smaller diameter on the other, which is why it is important to remove the smaller-diameter ones first. Sashes that were made later in the century made use of glue instead of pegs and can be separated by cutting through the glue line with a knife, then tapping the mortised section loose with mallets.

After the sash is removed then you can take out the stopper on the sash and get access to the weight pocket. This is usually done through an opening at the bottom of every jamb. The hole is then covered with an unfinished wooden panel that can be removed to reveal the interior workings.

After the sash has been stopped and the access panel is removed, you can remove the weight you used and replace it. Make sure you weigh the sash prior to you do this, since the old weights may be different in size from what you require. Once the new weight is installed, run a string through the sash pulling mechanism. Then, nail the string to your boxed frame. Leave a few inches protruding at the end of the string for future adjustments.

Sash Cords

Most double-hung windows of the past include a chain or cord attached to the weights which helps keep the sashes balanced in the jamb. Over time these cords can break, making it difficult to raise the window. A new sash cord will restore the ability to move the sash upwards and downwards and will keep it in its place when opened.

To replace sash cords, the first step is to remove the access panels from the jambs. These are usually screwed or nailed into and require removal. You may be able to employ a hammer and chisel for removing them however, it is always best to lay down dust sheets prior to commencing any work.

After the access panel has been removed, you can start working on the sash. Take the narrow beads (also called "tie rails") out of their grooves using flat bar or chisel. It is important to take your time, as these are often placed in a wedge or nail. If the sash remains in place, pull the mortise-and tenon joints with a hammer or screwdriver, then remove each wood peg. It should now be possible to move the sash around freely, although it might require oil if it feels stiff.

Measure the length of sash chain/sash cord required to reach the sash slot on the bottom, and the pulley on the top of the jamb. Cut the cord/chain and attach it as described in Step 6 above. You can use a hammer, nails, or screws. However nails are less likely to cause damage.

Unless you've bought a kit that replaces the counterbalance system that was in place before, it's best to keep the original balancing weights in place. They're not expensive and simple to install if you buy them at architectural salvage stores. Depending on the dimensions and shape of your window you might need to install one or two sashweights to keep it open.