In vascular stiffness is closely related to the CV benefits, except for patients with specific condition [73]. Further studies 2-Chloro-5,6-dihydro-7H-cyclopenta[b]pyridin-7-one are needed to determine the relationship between vascular stiffness and CV outcomes.Peripheral artery diseaseIt is important PubMed ID:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14960617 to control the CVD risk factors because patients with peripheral artery disease have a higher risk of CV mortality (10-year mortality of 40 ) [74]. Lowering the SBP decreases the leg amputation rate and mortality in hypertensive patients with diabetes and peripheral artery disease. The target BP is PubMed ID:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24083752 Renal artery stenosis is bmjopen-2016-011952 frequently observed in patients with HTN and peripheral artery disease. Overall, ongoing evaluation of the disease and monitoring are needed during HTN treatment [79].Chronic kidney (S)-3-(tert-Butoxycarbonyl)-2,2-dimethyloxazolidine-4-carboxylic acid disease (CKD) is defined by the presence of kidney injury for 3 months, with the markers of kidney injury being a decrease in estimated glomerular filtration rate (<60 mL/min/1.73 m2), urinary abnormalities including albuminuria (30 mg/day or albumin-to-creatinine ratio 30 mg/g), hematuria and pyuria, electrolyte disturbances caused by tubular dysfunction, renal structural abnormalities detected by imaging or biopsy procedures, and renal transplants [80]. CKD patients frequently suffer from HTN; hence, the rate of decline in renal function and the incidence of CV complications can be reduced with HTN control [81,82]. However, we still need to determine the target BP levels, optimal tools to be used in HTN control, and the real benefits and risks associated with treatment [83]. Previous clinical practice guidelines including the seventh report of the Joint National Committee on the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC7) and Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (KDOQI) recommended a BP target of <130/80 mm Hg in all CKD patients [84,85]. However, recent major clinical trials failed to show that in nonproteinuric CKD patients, a strict BP target of <125/75 to <130/80 mm Hg is more beneficial than a conventional target of <140/90 mm Hg; [86] hence, we recommend that CKD patients without albuminuria be treated to maintain a BP that is consistently <140/90 mm Hg [87-89]. On the other hand, randomized controlled trials suggested that a lower target may be beneficial in proteinuric CKD patients. Thus, we recommend that CKD patients with albuminuria be trea.