Wheelchair Ramp Design and Construction

A ramp for wheelchairs is a valuable device to assist your loved ones live more independently at home. But if not designed correctly, they can be unsafe to use.

ADA regulations require landings to must be level with any shift in direction to avoid compound slopes. They must also have a surface that is gripping for lightweight wheelchair ramps for cars users.

Design

The ramp design must meet the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) standards to ensure that wheelchairs effortlessly navigate the structure. The ramp's slope shouldn't exceed a ratio of 1:12, and the landings should be level at any change of direction or shift in the ramp surface. It also must be constructed of treated lumber that is more robust and weathers precipitation far better than untreated lumber.

The top and bottom of the ramp need to be free of obstacles such as trees, bushes or other structures that may hinder the safe movement of the ramp's user. The surface of the ramp should also be non-slip and hard. Some municipalities require that the entire ramp be covered with a non-slip surface.

Use treated lumber of at least four inches in width for the ramp frame. To ensure the ramp is secured, construct posts that are at least 8 feet apart and extend to below the level of the ground. The posts must then be connected with the ramp's railings by using spindles. This kind of connection minimizes the possibility of a ramp user falling off the side.

Next, build the ramp's frame using joists that are at most 16 inches long and beams that measure 2 by 4 inches. Make sure that the joists are a minimum of 18 inches above ground level and that they're secured with hangers for joists which are nails that grip the inside of the joists to stop them from sliding out of alignment. Attach the ramp decking using a framing nailer.

Add an upper landing near the doorway to allow wheelchair users to control the doorswing with ease. The landing should be wide enough to provide at least 12 to 24 inches of "elbow space" on the handle side of out-swing doors. For doors with in-swing, the landing must be at least 58 by 60 inches to accommodate the door's threshold and a person in a wheelchair who needs to roll backward through the doorway.

Install a level landing whenever you change in the direction of the ramp to avoid the necessity for wheelchairs to hit on their brakes while turning corners. A level landing makes it easier to move a ramp out of the way when needed, so that equipment such as lawnmowers can be able to pass underneath it.

Materials

The material used to construct a wheelchair ramp can be either concrete, wood or aluminum. A professional ramp installer can help you select the most suitable option for your office or home. When choosing the material for the ramp, it is crucial to consider your budget and specific needs. The ramp must also be easy to maintain and safe to use. Certain cities require that the ramp be covered with a non-slip surface.

Before you purchase any building materials or begin construction, make sure that you have the necessary permits from your local authority and ensure that you adhere to all building codes in your area. Using the incorrect materials or construction techniques could result in hazardous conditions for wheelchair users. You can find the most up-to-date information regarding construction requirements at your local building department office, library or online.

Wood ramps are often the most affordable of ADA ramp materials, but they require more care than other options. Wood ramps need to be treated regularly with an adhesive to avoid decay. Wood splinters can be a problem, and is particularly hazardous for people in wheelchairs. Wood ramps might require additional support to ensure that the structure is upright and stable.

Concrete ramps can be costly however they are durable and long-lasting. They are heavy, which means more work is required to construct them, and they can make it difficult to move the ramp after it is it is no longer required. Concrete ramps are able to withstand the weight of powerful wheelchairs.

Aluminum ramps are lighter and more affordable than steel or concrete. They also have the same durability, strength and corrosion resistance. They are also more affordable than steel and iron which makes them a great option for people on an extremely tight budget. Aluminum is also green because it is naturally present in the earth's crust and can be recycled.

The upper landing of the ramp should be level or within 3/8 inch of the door threshold to allow for the smaller front wheels of wheelchairs to move over it without becoming stuck. Ramps that have a gap that is larger than this will not meet ADA standards. You should also ensure that the ramp transitions smoothly between the upper landing and the ground surface. The final section of the ramp should be a a beveled transition to avoid the abrupt stop of wheelchairs when they enter or exit a dwelling.

Installation

A wheelchair ramp is an inclined plane that is used on top of or in place of steps. It allows motorized wheelchair ramps users and people who use strollers or carts to access areas that are otherwise difficult to access like the front door or a set up of steep steps.

There are a variety of factors to consider when choosing a ramp for a wheelchair, including size, location, and height. The ramp should be located close to the door threshold ramp for wheelchairs to avoid unnecessary journeys. It should also be positioned at an angle that is easily accessed by the person using it. It should also be properly fixed to the ground and clear of obstructions, like trees or parked cars.

ADA regulations stipulate that ramps must are equipped with handrails either side. The rails must be at minimum 36" apart and have an even or smooth gripping surface. Additionally, they should be attached to the ramp and extend at least 12 inches over the edge of the ramp. If the ramp has switchbacks or an L-shaped layout handrails must be continuous between the ramp runs.

The length of a ramp depends on the incline, however there are a few basic ramp types that are suitable for most situations. A threshold ramp, for instance, sits flush against the lip of the curb or the threshold of the doorway. Portable ramps are, however, can be moved to a different location and come in various sizes. Modular aluminum ramps may also be assembled on-site. They are typically used in public or commercial spaces and are usually longer than the threshold and portable folding wheelchair ramps ramps.

Contact your city's construction department to determine if a permit is required for an enduring ramp. Also, you should consult an expert in mobility about the type of ramp that works best for your needs and the space. In some instances, installing an all-weather ramp can increase the value of your home.

Maintenance

It is essential to keep your ramp for wheelchairs in good condition, especially if it will be used frequently. You'll need to perform regular inspections and repair any structural issues that arise. This will help ensure the ramp complies with all ADA requirements and is safe for all users.

Wooden ramps require regular maintenance to remove debris and dirt that can obstruct access. Cleanliness of the ramp will also stop moisture from accumulating under the surface and creating decay. Stains and wood preservatives only work properly only if the ramp is clean before application.

aluminium wheelchair ramps (have a peek here) ramps are more difficult to maintain than other ramps because they are more susceptible to wear and tear. The most important thing to do is ensure you have the proper tools to complete the task. To ensure that all fixings are secure and secure, you will need an excellent set of screwdrivers as well as gauge spanners. Also, you should regularly check the handrails for signs of corrosion or damage. As time passes, and with repeated use, it's not uncommon that some fittings or bolts that hold on the handrails to come loose. This can be an unsafe situation for anyone using the ramp.

Another important factor is ensuring the ramp's surface has enough grip, especially during winter when conditions may be a challenge. You'll need to clean away any leaves, dirt and other debris that could block the surface and cause slippage. In addition, you'll want to apply a non-corrosive ice melt on the ramp surface before winter arrives to prevent slips and causing injury.

Consider buying "snow tires" or traction wheels for your wheelchair if you intend to use it during the winter. These wheels are designed to better track on snowy and uneven surfaces. They will allow you to remain on your ramp for longer than normal wheelchair tires. You can also utilize heating pads or tape to melt snow and ice on the ramp before it gets too much.