For instance, a layer 762 may be an additional cushion layer 762 that surrounds the three cushion layers 760 of the grouped assemblies, which might additional help to protect the metallic shields 750 from an armoring course of. A cushion layer such because the cushion layer 760 (e.g., and/or the cushion layer 762) can provide for improved efficiency of a cable. As mentioned, varied parameters of a manufacturing process could be tailored to increase the crosslinking charge to thereby obtain a desired amount of crosslinking (e.g., a desired crosslink density) of XLPE through the production process, which may help to guard a lead (Pb) barrier layer from one or more subsequent processes (e.g., armoring, rolling on a spool, etc.). The crosslink density (ve) of S1054A/PP/Talc composites might be determined from the rubbery moduli using the following equation, based on the kinetic concept of rubber elasticity (Eqn. As shown within the plot 2200, the plateau modulus of absolutely cured XLPE and XLPE/PP/Talc 90/6/4 wt % composite tend to be considerably the identical; while the plateau modulus of XLPE/PP/Talc 80/15/5 and 70/25/5 wt % composites are a lot greater than that of totally cured XLPE.

As proven in Table 1, both pure XLPE and XLPE/PP/Talc 90/6/four composite have considerably the same crosslink density. For instance, one or more cushion layers could also be extruded and embody a crosslinkable polymeric material that can crosslink to realize a desired crosslink density. In such an example, the additives may impart properties that facilitate manufacturing of a cable (e.g., or an meeting for a cable) earlier than a desired quantity of polyethylene crosslink has occurred publish-extrusion. As talked about, a cable can embody lead (Pb), which can be within the form of a lead (Pb) layer (e.g., a barrier layer). Lead (Pb) may be included in a cable as an extruded protecting layer, which could also be referred to as a lead (Pb) barrier or lead (Pb) barrier layer. For instance, cable armor could also be constructed from one or more of a wide range of materials together with, however not restricted to, one or more of galvanized steel, stainless steel, MONEL™ alloy, or one other metal, steel alloy, or non-metallic resistant to downhole situations.

Armor will be, for example, galvanized steel, stainless steel, an alloy (e.g., MONEL alloy) or another sort of metal or alloy. The folklore tells of a bite check for gold nuggets, the place the pressure of a median human chunk may be approximately 1 MPa (e.g., about 160 psi). The Young's modulus of gold (Au) is approximately 79 GPa. The Young's modulus of polypropylene is roughly 1.5 to 2 GPa while the Young's modulus of EPDM is less. The layer 2360 might include a number of of polypropylene (PP) and talc. In some embodiments, a number of jacket layer compounds could also be oil and/or water and/or brine and/or thermal and/or decompression resistant. As an example, the cushion layer 760 can embody one or more extra supplies akin to, for instance, talc and/or polypropylene. In such an example, the tubular form may be of a circular cross-part (see, e.g., the cable 700), a pie shaped cross-part (see, e.g., the cable 701 and the cable 702) or one or more other kinds of cross-sectional shapes. In FIG. 7, the conductor 710 is usually a stable copper conductor, the insulation 730 will be an EPDM-based mostly insulation, the metallic shield 750 could be a metallic lead (Pb) shield (e.g., a lead (Pb) layer), the cushion layer 760 can be an extruded polyethylene layer that has achieved a desired amount crosslinked (e.g., crosslinked polyethylene "XLPE") and the armor layer 780 could be a metallic armor.

For instance, an armoring course of or armoring can embody wrapping galvanized armor or stainless steel about one or more assemblies, which might be or embrace phase assemblies. In the example of FIG. 9, the armor 780 consists of edges 782 and 784 the place the edge 782 may be an uncovered edge and the place the edge 784 may be a covered edge where the armoring process spirals the armor 780 with overlap. In FIG. 7, the cushion layer 760 is exterior to the metallic shield 750 such that it could mechanically cushion the metallic shield 750. For instance, the cushion layer 760 can mechanically cushion the metallic shield 750 from drive that can be utilized by and/or performed by the armor of the armor layer 780, which could also be, for example, a galvanized metallic armor. For instance, a further cushion layer could also be applied that surrounds assemblies where the extra cushion layer is considerably circular in its cross-sectional shape (e.g., an annular wall about a bunch of assemblies). A pelletized material or pelletized materials might be heated and deformed via extrusion (e.g., upon exposure to extrusion heat and pressure). For example, a number of polymeric supplies could also be provided in a pelletized kind that can be held in a bin of an extruder, which could also be, for instance, a single or a number of screw extruder.